What about an IUD?

"IUD" stands for "intrauterine device." An IUD is a small, T-shaped device put in a woman's uterus by her doctor. Two kinds of IUDs are available. One contains copper and the other releases a small amount of the hormone progestin. The copper IUD has been in use for a longer period of time. It lasts for up to 12 years. The hormonal IUD is similar in size and shape to the copper-containing IUD, but it is safer and has fewer side effects. It lasts for 5 years.

To have an IUD inserted, you go to the doctor for a pelvic exam within a week after you start your period. After cleaning your vagina and cervix, the doctor slides a thin plastic tube containing the device into your uterus. Your doctor removes the plastic tube and makes sure that the IUD is in the right place. The IUD has strings that the doctor cuts to the right length. You have to check these threads each month to make sure that the IUD is in place. Some women find that their uterus pushes out the IUD. There is a risk of ectopic pregnancy (when a fertilized egg grows outside the uterus). There is also a risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, but the risk is lower than for traditional IUDs.

Some IUDs used in the past were related to serious health problems. Today IUDs are safer, but they still have some risks. Most doctors prefer to use IUDs only in women who have already had a baby. Side effects of all IUDs include cramping or pain when the IUD is first inserted and spotting between periods for the first 3 to 6 months. Side effects of copper IUDs include heavier bleeding and stronger cramps during periods. Side effects of the hormonal IUD include irregular periods in the first 3 to 6 months. Some women stop having periods entirely.